strfromf, strfromd, strfroml

 

C

编译器支持

语言

头文件

类型支持

程序工具

变参数函数支持

错误处理

动态内存管理

字符串库

算法

数值

日期和时间工具

输入/输出支持

本地化支持

并发支持 (C11)

技术规范

符号索引

 

字符串库

字节字符串

多字节字符串

宽字符串

 

空终止字节字符串

函数
字符操作
isalnum isalpha islower isupper isdigit isxdigit isblank (C99)	iscntrl isgraph isspace isprint ispunct tolower toupper
转换成数值格式
atoiatolatoll (C99) atof strtolstrtoll (C99) strtoulstrtoull (C99)	strtoimaxstrtoumax (C99)(C99) strtofstrtodstrtold (C99)(C99) strfromfstrfromdstrfromld (C23)(C23)(C23)
字符串操作
strcpystrcpy_s (C11) strncpystrncpy_s (C11) strcatstrcat_s (C11)	strncatstrncat_s (C11) strxfrm strdup (C23) strndup (C23)
字符串检验
strlenstrnlen_s (C11) strcmp strncmp strcoll strchr strrchr	strspn strcspn strpbrk strstr strtokstrtok_s (C11)
内存操作
memchr memcmp memsetmemset_explicitmemset_s (C23)(C11)	memcpymemcpy_s (C11) memmovememmove_s (C11) memccpy (C23)
杂项
strerrorstrerror_sstrerrorlen_s (C11)(C11)

 

在标头 <stdlib.h> 定义
int strfromf( char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, float fp );		(C23 起)
int strfromd( char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, double fp );		(C23 起)
int strfroml( char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, long double fp );		(C23 起)

将浮点值转换为字节字符串。

这些函数等价于 snprintf(s, n, format, fp)，但格式字符串应当仅包含字符 %，可选的不包含星号 * 的精度，和以下转换指示符之一：a、A、e、E、f、F、g 和 G，分别使其适用于函数后缀（而非长度修饰符）所指定的类型（double、float 或 long double）。以其他任何格式字符串调用这些函数将导致未定义行为。

参数

s	-	指向将写入的字符串
n	-	最多写入 n - 1 个字符和空终结符
format	-	指向空终结字节字符串的指针，指定如何判读数据
fp	-	欲转换的浮点值

返回值

假设 n 足够大时将会写入的字符数量，不计入终结的空字符。因而，当且仅当返回值非负且小于 n 时，才会完整写入带空终结的输出。

示例

运行此代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
int main()
{
    char buffer[32];
    int written;
    const char* format[] = {"%a", "%A", "%e", "%E", "%f", "%F", "%g", "%G"};
 
    for (size_t fmt = 0; fmt != sizeof format / sizeof format[0]; ++fmt)
    {
        written = strfromf(buffer, sizeof buffer, format[fmt], 3.1415f);
        printf("strfromf(... %s ...) = %2i, buffer: \"%s\"\n",
               format[fmt], written, buffer);
    }
    puts("");
 
    for (size_t fmt = 0; fmt != sizeof format / sizeof format[0]; ++fmt)
    {
        written = strfromd(buffer, sizeof buffer, format[fmt], 3.1415);
        printf("strfromd(... %s ...) = %2i, buffer: \"%s\"\n",
               format[fmt], written, buffer);
    }
    puts("");
 
    for (size_t fmt = 0; fmt != sizeof format / sizeof format[0]; ++fmt)
    {
        written = strfroml(buffer, sizeof buffer, format[fmt], 3.1415);
        printf("strfroml(... %s ...) = %2i, buffer: \"%s\"\n",
               format[fmt], written, buffer);
    }
}

输出：

strfromf(... %a ...) = 13, buffer: "0x1.921cacp+1"
strfromf(... %A ...) = 13, buffer: "0X1.921CACP+1"
strfromf(... %e ...) = 12, buffer: "3.141500e+00"
strfromf(... %E ...) = 12, buffer: "3.141500E+00"
strfromf(... %f ...) =  8, buffer: "3.141500"
strfromf(... %F ...) =  8, buffer: "3.141500"
strfromf(... %g ...) =  6, buffer: "3.1415"
strfromf(... %G ...) =  6, buffer: "3.1415"
 
strfromd(... %a ...) = 20, buffer: "0x1.921cac083126fp+1"
strfromd(... %A ...) = 20, buffer: "0X1.921CAC083126FP+1"
strfromd(... %e ...) = 12, buffer: "3.141500e+00"
strfromd(... %E ...) = 12, buffer: "3.141500E+00"
strfromd(... %f ...) =  8, buffer: "3.141500"
strfromd(... %F ...) =  8, buffer: "3.141500"
strfromd(... %g ...) =  6, buffer: "3.1415"
strfromd(... %G ...) =  6, buffer: "3.1415"
 
strfroml(... %a ...) = 20, buffer: "0xc.90e5604189378p-2"
strfroml(... %A ...) = 20, buffer: "0XC.90E5604189378P-2"
strfroml(... %e ...) = 12, buffer: "3.141500e+00"
strfroml(... %E ...) = 12, buffer: "3.141500E+00"
strfroml(... %f ...) =  8, buffer: "3.141500"
strfroml(... %F ...) =  8, buffer: "3.141500"
strfroml(... %g ...) =  6, buffer: "3.1415"
strfroml(... %G ...) =  6, buffer: "3.1415"

引用

• C23 标准（ISO/IEC 9899:2024）：

• 7.24.1.3 The strfromd, strfromf, and strfroml functions

参阅

printffprintfsprintfsnprintfprintf_sfprintf_ssprintf_ssnprintf_s (C99)(C11)(C11)(C11)(C11)	打印格式化输出到 stdout 、文件流或缓冲区 (函数)
strtofstrtodstrtold (C99)(C99)	将字节字符串转换成浮点值 (函数)